Medical abortion is a non-surgical method of terminating an early pregnancy, which involves the administration of specific medications. It is an increasingly common procedure worldwide because it is effective, safe, and less invasive than surgical abortion, when performed under medical supervision.
What is medical abortion?
Medical abortion involves the use of two types of medication, administered in two stages:
mifepristone – blocks the hormone progesterone, essential for maintaining pregnancy.
Misoprostol – administered 24–48 hours after the first, causes uterine contractions and termination of pregnancy.
This method is effective in over 951% of cases when performed in the first 9 weeks of pregnancy.
When can it be performed?
Medical abortion is indicated:
In the first 63 days of pregnancy (9 weeks)
Only under the supervision of a gynecologist, after ultrasound confirmation of gestational age
After excluding contraindications (ectopic pregnancy, allergies, coagulation disorders, etc.)
How does the procedure work?
Initial consultation – an ultrasound is performed and the available options are discussed.
Administration of mifepristone – usually in the office, under supervision.
Misoprostol administration – at home or in the clinic, depending on the protocol.
Elimination of pregnancy – occurs within a few hours to a day, in the form of a process similar to heavier menstruation, accompanied by cramps.
What symptoms are normal?
Heavy bleeding (similar to or heavier than menstruation)
Abdominal cramps
Nausea, mild fever, fatigue
These symptoms are normal and part of the elimination process.
When to contact the doctor?
Seek medical attention if you experience:
Very heavy bleeding (more than 2 pads per hour for 2 hours)
Persistent fever above 38°C
Severe pain or unusual symptoms
Advantages of medical abortion
Does not require anesthesia or surgery
Can be performed in a more intimate setting (partially at home)
Reduced risk of complications if performed correctly
Less emotionally traumatic method for some women
Legal and ethical aspects
In Romania, medical abortion is legal up to 10 weeks, but its availability varies by clinic. It is important that the woman receive counseling before and after the procedure, in an environment that respects confidentiality and the right to choice.
Conclusion
Medical abortion is a safe and effective option for early pregnancy termination. It is essential that the procedure is performed under medical guidance, with all the necessary information and support. If you are in a situation where you are considering this option, consult a gynecologist and openly discuss all possible alternatives.