Vaginal infections are among the most common gynecological problems, affecting most women at least once in their lives. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and available treatments is essential for maintaining intimate health.
Common Types of Vaginal Infections
Bacterial vaginosis It occurs when the balance of bacteria in the vagina becomes unbalanced. Symptoms include a thick, fishy-smelling discharge, especially after sex. It is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age.
Vaginal candidiasis (yeast infection) is caused by the fungus Candida. It causes intense itching, irritation, a thick white discharge, and pain during urination or sexual intercourse.
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite. Symptoms include a frothy greenish or yellowish discharge, an unusual odor, and pain when urinating.
Causes and Risk Factors
Several factors can increase the risk of vaginal infections. Use antibiotics It can destroy the beneficial bacteria in the vagina, allowing yeast to overgrow. Uncontrolled diabetes increases the risk of candidiasis. Hormonal changes during pregnancy, menstruation or menopause can affect vaginal balance. Tight clothing made of synthetic materials can create a moist environment conducive to infections.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Correct diagnosis requires a gynecological examination and laboratory tests to identify the causative agent. Bacterial vaginosis It is treated with oral or topical antibiotics. Candidiasis responds to antifungals in the form of creams, ovules, or oral tablets. Trichomoniasis requires specific antibiotics, and the sexual partner must also be treated.
avert
MAINTAINING proper intimate hygiene is essential. Wash your intimate area daily with warm water and a mild, unscented soap. Avoid vaginal douches that disrupt the normal flora. Wear cotton underwear that allows ventilation. Change wet or sweaty clothes promptly. Avoid tight pants and synthetic underwear. Practice protected sex for the prevention of STIs. Keep controlled blood sugar if you have diabetes. Avoid excessive use of antibiotics when not necessary.
When to See a Doctor
Consult a gynecologist urgently if you experience discharge with a strong odor or unusual color, severe itching, pain or burning when urinating, bleeding between periods, or if symptoms persist after self-medication.
Conclusion
Vaginal infections are common but treatable. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking prompt treatment can prevent complications. Proper hygiene practices and a healthy lifestyle reduce the risk of recurrent infections.