Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer due to the existence of effective screening programs. As a gynecologist, I constantly emphasize the importance of regular testing for all women.
Why Screening Is Important
Regular cervical cancer screening can save lives. Early detection of abnormal cell changes allows treatment before they develop into cancer. Statistics show that regular screening reduces the mortality rate by over 70%.
Pap test is the main screening method. It involves collecting cells from the cervix to be examined under a microscope. The test can identify abnormal cells before they become cancerous.
HPV test detects the presence of human papillomavirus, the main cause of cervical cancer. This test can be performed alone or in combination with the Papanicolaou test.
When Should You Get Tested?
Screening recommendations vary depending on age and medical history.
Women aged 21-29 should have a Pap test every 3 years. HPV testing is not routinely recommended for this age group.
Women aged 30-65 they can opt for the Pap test at 3 years or the combined Pap + HPV test at 5 years. The combined test offers the best protection.
After the age of 65, screening may be stopped if previous tests were normal and there are no risk factors.
Risk Factors
Certain factors increase the risk of developing cervical cancer:
HPV infection is the main risk factor. There are over 100 types of HPV, of which about 14 are considered high-risk for cancer.
Smoking doubles the risk of cervical cancer. Chemicals in tobacco can damage cervical cells.
Weakened immune system It can reduce the body's ability to fight HPV infection. This includes people with HIV or those taking immunosuppressive medications.
Early sexual activity and multiple sexual partners increase the risk of HPV exposure.
HPV vaccination
The HPV vaccine is a highly effective preventive measure. It protects against the types of HPV that cause most cervical cancers.
Vaccination is recommended for:
– Girls and boys around the age of 11-12
– Young adults up to the age of 26 who have not been previously vaccinated
Conclusion
Regular screening for cervical cancer is essential for your health. Early detection saves lives and allows for less invasive treatments.
As a gynecologist, I encourage you to follow the recommended screening schedule and do not hesitate to ask your doctor any questions or concerns. Prevention is the key to a long and healthy life.